"Nature has placed mankind under the control of the two powers, the pain and pleasure. Only two that show what we should do, and determine what we will do. Standards of right and wrong on the one hand, and the causal chain on the other hand, firmly attached to the two powers. Both our master in all things we do, in all we say, in all we think: every effort we do so we do not give him will only strengthen and uphold the law. In a sentence- the man might pretend reject their power but in reality he will remain under their control. The principle benefit (utility) recognizes the inability of the system and consider it as the foundation, with the purpose of knitting happiness through the hands of reason and law. Systems that attempt to question it deal only with words rather than their meaning, by impulse rather than reason, with darkness rather than light. "
Bentham further explained that the principle underlying the benefits of any activity based on the extent to which the actions increase or decrease the happiness of the group; or , in other words increase the happiness or against it.
Benthamism called again a teleological ( from the Greek word telos = goal ) , because according to this theory the ethical quality of an act obtained by the achievement of the goal action. Actions that are well-intentioned but does not produce anything, according to utilitarianism does not deserve to be called good. Utility theory is an ethical decision making with consideration of the greatest benefit to many as the end result (the greatest good for the greatest number). That is, that the right thing is defined as being either maximize or minimize what is what is dangerous for most people. The more useful the more people, the more ethical conduct. The moral basis of the legal acts of the most enduring and relatively the most widely used. Utilitarianism (from the word meaning utilis benefits) is often also called the flow of consequentialism because it is very s-oriented action.
It should be understood that Benthamism greatly emphasized in assessing the consequences of good and bad deeds. The moral quality of an action - good or bad - depending on the consequences or effects. If an action results in the greatest benefit, means the most to advance the prosperity, welfare, and happiness of the people, then it is a good deed. Conversely, if the action brings more harm than benefits, it should be considered bad deeds. Consequences of action here is to determine all its moral quality.
Jeremy Bentham (1748 - 1832), his work "Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation", first published in 1789, It is a classic work as the reference (locus classicus) utilitarian tradition. Benthamism utilis derived from the Latin word meaning " benefits". Bentham 's dictum that are always remembered, namely, that they are expected to maximize the greatest happiness for many people as possible.
No comments:
Post a Comment