Quality is very important in all aspects. Quality is often associated with customer expectation. Because everyone would want good quality and services that they can obtain. Costomers become a benchmark if the products and services provided are qualified or not.
Because of the importance of quality, the management of a company trying to establish the quality of what is expected by the customer, the ISO 9001 is an international standar requirements and recommendations for the design and assessment of a quality management system which purpose to ensure that the organization will provide products (goods/service) that meet the established requirements.
Standard Chartered Bank provides banking services for the corporate market segment, commercial and consumer. Data was collected by interviews, observations and document related to the study. Techniques for data analysis in this research is qualitative. The result explained that the standard for the quality of service at Standar Chartered bank is quite satisfying customers. It is based on the requirements of ISO 9001:2008 has been implemented well by Standard Chartered Bank.
Showing posts with label research essay. Show all posts
Showing posts with label research essay. Show all posts
Max Weber's Theory Of Bureaucracy Weakness (A Research Essay)
Bureaucracy is a type of organization which is designed to complete administrative tasks on a large scale by means of coordinating the work of many people systematically. It can be concluded the bureaucracy is a tool to facilitate the course of the implementation of government policies in an effort to serve the community. On the other hand, the public perception of hearing the word bureaucracy has always been synonymous with an elaborate affair, not that simple.
The bureaucracy is identical with the transition from table to table, the process is complicated, convoluted and inefficient. Bureaucratic Affairs always upsetting because dealing with time consuming form completion, the process of obtaining consent through many tables in a chain, the rules are strict and requires that a person goes through a lot of political boundary formalities and so on. Throughout the community assessment against bureaucracy are objective, then surely there will be drawbacks and advantages.
Max Weber's theory of bureaucracy of weakness. Weber's theory of weakness is not acknowledging the existence of a conflict between the authority that has been built in a hierarchy. Another drawback is not easy to connect the process of modernizing the bureaucracy and among the developing countries. Many critics suggested that the structure and management of traditional governance model of Weber is outdated and in need of drastic change. The bureaucracy emphasis on formality for example will only make its officials being passivity and "robotic" rather than being a creative innovator, becoming risk-avers than risk-taking.
Tiered structure which only makes waste (high cost economy), inefficiency, and even the displacement of goals. A stiff structure also does not fulfill this aspect of Justice for the employees, because it is always hire more of those who are in a higher structure, though perhaps the quality and quantity of work is less than the lower staff.
This weakness led to the performance of the bureaucracy tends to be on a static position, deals with the routine, and not responsive to the changing times. Even the bureaucrats tend to seek profits for themselves and the Organization itself than to the interests of society in General. The success of a bureaucrat is often measured from the point of whether he's able to maintain or increase the budget for the Office. It is clearly contrary to the principles of the market, which generally give priority to processes that are competitive, like the granting of incentives, appreciate the innovation, give priority to customers, provide appropriate proportion of work salary and so on.
See so the complex development of human civilization, many argue that the old model of Government and philosophy developed in past votes are no longer able to anticipate the needs of the community. Hierarchical structure which has lose relevance when viewed from the angle of efficiency. Bureaucratic formalities system not suitable for motion and flexibility for innovation. Then, a large number of employees are no longer necessary, due to the mechanization of work through the application of information technology.
In conceptional, a model of governance that is often called the old religion of public administration or the old model of Weber's bureaucracy is considered to have at least three issues which cannot be adapted to the circumstances of the times.
First, the political control of the bureaucratic model is considered to be insufficient and illogical. Second, the theory of bureaucracy considered to have problems in matters related to the issue of democracy. Third, the bureaucracy is not in line with the spirit of globalization and market values.
The traditional bureaucratic conception are seen can't go hand in hand with democratic values in society. This is due to the model too rational values giving priority to formal (formal rationality), confidentiality (secrecy), stiffness (rigidity), and hierarchy (hierarchy). The value of formal rationality, for instance, tend to make the bureaucracy more emphasis on formal legality in carrying out tasks rather than deepen the essence of the problem.
A rigid hierarchical system also causes the orientation of bureaucrats is not siding with the people, but rather to the bosses, because after all the bureaucrats in the performance assessment of the traditional model is the direct supervisor, not the user community services.
The bureaucracy is identical with the transition from table to table, the process is complicated, convoluted and inefficient. Bureaucratic Affairs always upsetting because dealing with time consuming form completion, the process of obtaining consent through many tables in a chain, the rules are strict and requires that a person goes through a lot of political boundary formalities and so on. Throughout the community assessment against bureaucracy are objective, then surely there will be drawbacks and advantages.
Max Weber's theory of bureaucracy of weakness. Weber's theory of weakness is not acknowledging the existence of a conflict between the authority that has been built in a hierarchy. Another drawback is not easy to connect the process of modernizing the bureaucracy and among the developing countries. Many critics suggested that the structure and management of traditional governance model of Weber is outdated and in need of drastic change. The bureaucracy emphasis on formality for example will only make its officials being passivity and "robotic" rather than being a creative innovator, becoming risk-avers than risk-taking.
Tiered structure which only makes waste (high cost economy), inefficiency, and even the displacement of goals. A stiff structure also does not fulfill this aspect of Justice for the employees, because it is always hire more of those who are in a higher structure, though perhaps the quality and quantity of work is less than the lower staff.
This weakness led to the performance of the bureaucracy tends to be on a static position, deals with the routine, and not responsive to the changing times. Even the bureaucrats tend to seek profits for themselves and the Organization itself than to the interests of society in General. The success of a bureaucrat is often measured from the point of whether he's able to maintain or increase the budget for the Office. It is clearly contrary to the principles of the market, which generally give priority to processes that are competitive, like the granting of incentives, appreciate the innovation, give priority to customers, provide appropriate proportion of work salary and so on.
See so the complex development of human civilization, many argue that the old model of Government and philosophy developed in past votes are no longer able to anticipate the needs of the community. Hierarchical structure which has lose relevance when viewed from the angle of efficiency. Bureaucratic formalities system not suitable for motion and flexibility for innovation. Then, a large number of employees are no longer necessary, due to the mechanization of work through the application of information technology.
In conceptional, a model of governance that is often called the old religion of public administration or the old model of Weber's bureaucracy is considered to have at least three issues which cannot be adapted to the circumstances of the times.
First, the political control of the bureaucratic model is considered to be insufficient and illogical. Second, the theory of bureaucracy considered to have problems in matters related to the issue of democracy. Third, the bureaucracy is not in line with the spirit of globalization and market values.
The traditional bureaucratic conception are seen can't go hand in hand with democratic values in society. This is due to the model too rational values giving priority to formal (formal rationality), confidentiality (secrecy), stiffness (rigidity), and hierarchy (hierarchy). The value of formal rationality, for instance, tend to make the bureaucracy more emphasis on formal legality in carrying out tasks rather than deepen the essence of the problem.
A rigid hierarchical system also causes the orientation of bureaucrats is not siding with the people, but rather to the bosses, because after all the bureaucrats in the performance assessment of the traditional model is the direct supervisor, not the user community services.
Writing Essays: Weber's Bureaucratic Model
Weberian bureaucratic model that has been understood is a machine that is prepared to initiate and realize the goal. Thus, any workers or officials in the Government bureaucracy is the triggers and drivers from a machine that does not have a personal interest. In this regard then any government officials did not have a public responsibility, except in the field of duties and responsibilities charged to him.
All duties and responsibilities as the engine was run in accordance with the processes and procedures that have been set, then the accountability officials birokasi the Government has embodied. This kind of thinking makes the Government bureaucracy to act as a neutral force of influence the interests of certain groups or classes. Aspect of neutrality of government bureaucracy in the thinking function Weber is known as the concept of conservative thinkers in his era.
Weber just wants to put the bureaucracy as a machine, rather than seen as an organism that has contributed to the organic unity of a country.
Bureaucratic Model proposed Weber has the ideal characteristics as follows:
1. Division of labor
In carrying out its work, the bureaucratic divide Government activities into the respective parts separately and has a distinctive function. This kind of Division of labor allows the specialization of function. In this way, the assignment of specialists for specific tasks can be performed and each of them is responsible for the completion of the work of each.
2. Hierarchy of authority
The characteristic of bureaucracy is an authority composed of hierarchical or cascading. The pyramid-shaped hierarchy that has consequences for the higher level means an increasingly greater authority inherent therein and the a bit of its inhabitants. This authority and hierarchy indicates a hierarchy of responsibility. In the hierarchy of that any officials should be responsible to his superiors about the decisions and actions and carried out by his men.
3. setting up a bureaucratic office holder behavior
Government activities are regulated by a system of rules of the game are abstract. Rules of the game were formulating the scope of responsibility of the holder of the Office in various positions and relationships between them. Those rules also ensure the coordination of the various different tasks and ensure the uniformity of implementation activities.
4. Impersonalitas relationships
Bureaucratic officials should have an impersonal orientation. They should avoid personal considerations in conjunction with his subordinates as well as with members of the community it serves.
5. technical ability
Bureaucratic with offices to be filled by people who have the technical skills necessary to carry out tasks in the post. Typically, the qualifications of the nominees performed with a certificate-based test or demonstrate their ability.
6. Careers
Jobs in the Government bureaucracy is a job career. Officials reinstated in a bureaucratic government through elections, not through designation as a member of the legislature. They are much more dependent on their superiors in the Government rather than to the voters. In principle, a promotion or a raise based on seniority or rank achievement, or both. Under certain conditions, it also obtains guarantees bureaucrats work for life.
Bureaucracy described by Weber above actually has many advantages. For example, the Division of Labor will result in efficiency. The hierarchy of authority allows control over a wide range of positions and facilitate effective coordination. Rules of the game that ensured continuity in the implementation of the tasks of the Government, although officials have changed, and thus be able to foster the stability of the behavior. Impersonalitas relationships guarantee fair treatment for all members of society and encourage the emergence of a democratic Government.
Technical ability ensures that only those experts who will occupy the post of the Government. Guarantee the sustainability of the Office makes it not easy officials dropped by pressures from the outside. In a nutshell, with characteristics like that red tape would be able to serve as a means of being able to carry out government functions effectively and efficiently.
Weber's bureaucratic Model contains assumptions that the bureaucracy runs the function "administrative", i.e. applying public policy created through the mechanism of "political process" done by political officials, not a career bureaucrat. With the separation of administration from the political process, then the bureaucrats should be able to be neutral in political matters. Officials who are neutral in politics is expected to dutifully served on the people, not for the sake of the interests of a group of people or ex.
All duties and responsibilities as the engine was run in accordance with the processes and procedures that have been set, then the accountability officials birokasi the Government has embodied. This kind of thinking makes the Government bureaucracy to act as a neutral force of influence the interests of certain groups or classes. Aspect of neutrality of government bureaucracy in the thinking function Weber is known as the concept of conservative thinkers in his era.
Weber just wants to put the bureaucracy as a machine, rather than seen as an organism that has contributed to the organic unity of a country.
Bureaucratic Model proposed Weber has the ideal characteristics as follows:
1. Division of labor
In carrying out its work, the bureaucratic divide Government activities into the respective parts separately and has a distinctive function. This kind of Division of labor allows the specialization of function. In this way, the assignment of specialists for specific tasks can be performed and each of them is responsible for the completion of the work of each.
2. Hierarchy of authority
The characteristic of bureaucracy is an authority composed of hierarchical or cascading. The pyramid-shaped hierarchy that has consequences for the higher level means an increasingly greater authority inherent therein and the a bit of its inhabitants. This authority and hierarchy indicates a hierarchy of responsibility. In the hierarchy of that any officials should be responsible to his superiors about the decisions and actions and carried out by his men.
3. setting up a bureaucratic office holder behavior
Government activities are regulated by a system of rules of the game are abstract. Rules of the game were formulating the scope of responsibility of the holder of the Office in various positions and relationships between them. Those rules also ensure the coordination of the various different tasks and ensure the uniformity of implementation activities.
4. Impersonalitas relationships
Bureaucratic officials should have an impersonal orientation. They should avoid personal considerations in conjunction with his subordinates as well as with members of the community it serves.
5. technical ability
Bureaucratic with offices to be filled by people who have the technical skills necessary to carry out tasks in the post. Typically, the qualifications of the nominees performed with a certificate-based test or demonstrate their ability.
6. Careers
Jobs in the Government bureaucracy is a job career. Officials reinstated in a bureaucratic government through elections, not through designation as a member of the legislature. They are much more dependent on their superiors in the Government rather than to the voters. In principle, a promotion or a raise based on seniority or rank achievement, or both. Under certain conditions, it also obtains guarantees bureaucrats work for life.
Bureaucracy described by Weber above actually has many advantages. For example, the Division of Labor will result in efficiency. The hierarchy of authority allows control over a wide range of positions and facilitate effective coordination. Rules of the game that ensured continuity in the implementation of the tasks of the Government, although officials have changed, and thus be able to foster the stability of the behavior. Impersonalitas relationships guarantee fair treatment for all members of society and encourage the emergence of a democratic Government.
Technical ability ensures that only those experts who will occupy the post of the Government. Guarantee the sustainability of the Office makes it not easy officials dropped by pressures from the outside. In a nutshell, with characteristics like that red tape would be able to serve as a means of being able to carry out government functions effectively and efficiently.
Weber's bureaucratic Model contains assumptions that the bureaucracy runs the function "administrative", i.e. applying public policy created through the mechanism of "political process" done by political officials, not a career bureaucrat. With the separation of administration from the political process, then the bureaucrats should be able to be neutral in political matters. Officials who are neutral in politics is expected to dutifully served on the people, not for the sake of the interests of a group of people or ex.
A Research Essay: Max Weber and Bureaucracy
The bureaucracy is always associated with the character of Max Weber. His influence was so great, so bureaucracy always associated with Weber. As many people know, Max Weber is a sociologist and intellectual Germany which is seen as the father of the model bureaucratic with the much-analyzed in the theory of organization. Weber's bureaucracy based on the relationship between the authority and the subordinate officers picked put by specifying the duties and obligations which the orders done in writing; There are arrangements regarding the relationship of authority; staffing and promotion is based on certain rules.
Weber has focused on the question of why people feel obliged to comply with the orders without doing an assessment relate himself with the value of the order. This focus is one part of the civic organization against Weber's emphasis as a whole and the role of the State in particular. Weber wanted to emphasize a legitimate authority (legitimate power) and says that trust subordinates to legitimacy will result in stability patterns of compliance and differences in systems of government organization sources.
The authority cannot rely on the call to the subordinate's interests and the calculation of profit loss, or on the motif of love or hate. That is why it is said that not even a single authority that depend on ideal motives. Weber found three ideal type of authority or authority, namely:
-Traditional Authority: this Authority based its legitimacy on the pattern supervision as imposed in the past and which is still in force. Legitimacy is very linked to the obligations of the inhabitants to pour his personal loyalty to anyone who became its head.
-Charismatic Authority: this Authority is made possible because of someone's servitude occurred to individuals who have things unusual. Individuals who followed it, for example, has a heroic stance, Hallmark, and other personal traits that are very prominent.
The position of a charismatic leader is not threatened by traditional criteria. A charismatic leader is not shackled by traditional rules or by its ability to explode the fire of the revolution. Charismatic authority, cannot accept any arrangements for the Organization of society. In such circumstances, then there is no law, hierarchy, and the formulation, unless the demands of servitude to the charismatic rulers. This ruler and all his command is always followed by his followers who were able to guide him towards the achievement of the objectives. Charismatic authority is the opposite of the regularity of routine. Both traditional and charismatic authority, lawfully executed based on inspiration and revelation. Both are also the type of authority that is not traditional.
-Legal-rational Authority: this Authority is based on rules that are not personal impersonal defined legally. Loyalty and obedience is when someone executes his Office authority only with the formal legality of his rule and only within the reach of the Office. Rational legal authority is based on certain rules. The rule rationally has been developed by the community. Some rules can be modified to be able to include the changes that occur in their environment and are more systemically contains estimates of the future compared to the traditional or charismatic authority. The essence of rational-legal authority is the bureaucracy. The heart of the bureaucracy is a system relationship authority formulated rationally by the rules.
Weber has focused on the question of why people feel obliged to comply with the orders without doing an assessment relate himself with the value of the order. This focus is one part of the civic organization against Weber's emphasis as a whole and the role of the State in particular. Weber wanted to emphasize a legitimate authority (legitimate power) and says that trust subordinates to legitimacy will result in stability patterns of compliance and differences in systems of government organization sources.
The authority cannot rely on the call to the subordinate's interests and the calculation of profit loss, or on the motif of love or hate. That is why it is said that not even a single authority that depend on ideal motives. Weber found three ideal type of authority or authority, namely:
-Traditional Authority: this Authority based its legitimacy on the pattern supervision as imposed in the past and which is still in force. Legitimacy is very linked to the obligations of the inhabitants to pour his personal loyalty to anyone who became its head.
-Charismatic Authority: this Authority is made possible because of someone's servitude occurred to individuals who have things unusual. Individuals who followed it, for example, has a heroic stance, Hallmark, and other personal traits that are very prominent.
The position of a charismatic leader is not threatened by traditional criteria. A charismatic leader is not shackled by traditional rules or by its ability to explode the fire of the revolution. Charismatic authority, cannot accept any arrangements for the Organization of society. In such circumstances, then there is no law, hierarchy, and the formulation, unless the demands of servitude to the charismatic rulers. This ruler and all his command is always followed by his followers who were able to guide him towards the achievement of the objectives. Charismatic authority is the opposite of the regularity of routine. Both traditional and charismatic authority, lawfully executed based on inspiration and revelation. Both are also the type of authority that is not traditional.
-Legal-rational Authority: this Authority is based on rules that are not personal impersonal defined legally. Loyalty and obedience is when someone executes his Office authority only with the formal legality of his rule and only within the reach of the Office. Rational legal authority is based on certain rules. The rule rationally has been developed by the community. Some rules can be modified to be able to include the changes that occur in their environment and are more systemically contains estimates of the future compared to the traditional or charismatic authority. The essence of rational-legal authority is the bureaucracy. The heart of the bureaucracy is a system relationship authority formulated rationally by the rules.
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